At least 37 Indian security personnel and 5 terrorists were killed.
Pakistan's nuclear program was initially started to counter India's expanding nuclear program. However, Pakistan's nuclear program was built with the intent to become a regional military power, to be a counterweight to India, and to obtain the credible first-strike capability to compete with India's conventional deterrence. By conducting nuclear tests, Pakistan became a nuclear state. India's nuclear policy, on the other hand, is to build up its nuclear arsenal in order to protect itself from a possible Pakistani nuclear strike.
In 1998, India conducted its first nuclear test at Pokhran Test Range, Rajasthan, followed by five more nuclear tests in May 1998 (Chagai-I), May 1998 (Chagai-II), September 1998 (Desh Prem), May 1999 (Agni I), and May 1999 (Agni II). In 2003, India conducted its third nuclear test at Pokhran, Rajasthan. Since then, Pakistan has conducted several nuclear tests in May 1998 (Chagai-I), May 1998 (Chagai-II), May 1999 (Agni I), and May 1999 (Agni II).
In early 2000, Pakistan established a missile manufacturing facility at Muridke, Punjab and the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) has reportedly started the plutonium production.
According to a Washington Institute for Near East Policy (WINEP) study, "The broad consensus among the American intelligence agencies is that Pakistan does indeed have a nuclear-weapons program."[282] In the mid-1990s, then-president George H.W. Bush reportedly considered making a nuclear deal with Pakistan.
The National Investigation Agency dispatched a 12-member team to probe the attack, working with the Jammu and Kashmir Police.
Initial investigations suggested the car was carrying more than 300 kilograms (660 lb) of explosives, including 80 kilograms (180 lb) of RDX, a high explosive, and ammonium nitrate. Lt Gen Hooda said that the explosives might have been stolen from a construction site. He initially said that it was not possible that they were smuggled from across the border, but later said that he could not rule it out.
National Investigation Agency was able to establish and confirm the identity of suicide bombers as DNA samples from "meager fragments of the car" used in suicide attacks matched with Adil Ahmad Dar's father. However, even after a year of investigation, NIA was unable to trace the source of explosives.
Initial reports said that the vehicle used in the attack was stolen from outside the Red Cross Society. Later, Jammu and Kashmir Police said it could have been stolen on Tuesday evening from a road near the Kashmir University campus.
Investigation revealed that the injured terrorist was a computer engineering student from the Zakura area of Srinagar and the car that was used was stolen from near the Jammu and Kashmir Bank on Lal Chowk, the site of Monday's historic mosque attack. The car, which was recovered with damage to the front portion, was driven about 500 meters before it stopped near a house where it was destroyed by explosives.
Adil Ahmad Dar's father was first questioned by police on 27 January. They confiscated his personal computer, cell phone, and SIM card, but later released him and he moved out of his house. It was alleged that police and the local intelligence agency suspected that Dar's house could have been used as a hiding place, but police released the property to him. A senior police officer denied the claim, saying the police searched "a large area" but could not find any evidence. According to reports, at least 60 people were detained for questioning, but most were released. A manhunt was launched for Dar.
On 8 February, NIA arrested Ghulam Nabi Wani, a medical representative, for allegedly procuring the ammonium nitrate and RDX for the attack. He was arrested in a raid in Chandani Chowk, Srinagar, by a team of NIA and J&K police. The NIA team recovered large quantities of explosive substances, gun powder, wire-cutters, revolvers, and two motorcycles from the house of Wani. Wani, a resident of Gund Hatta of Anantnag, was arrested based on an NIA complaint that he had connections with members of Lashkar-e-Taiba and carried out transactions for the purchase of RDX and ammonium nitrate for terror activities. He was remanded in five-day NIA custody by a magistrate.
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